8. Rashidun Caliphate
The Rashidun Caliphate was the earliest Empire of Islam and consisted of the first five prophets of Muhammad, also known as caliphs. After Muhammad’s death in 632 ACE there was internal conflict at who should become the new caliph but the Empire decided upon Abu Bakr, one of the prophets most intimate companions and friends. At its peak the Empire gained control of territories ranging from the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, North Africa, Egypt, and the Iranian Plateau. The first four caliphs conquered massive terrain in only 24 years, which had a lasting impact on Islamic systematic policies and public treasury.